'Strategy of ecological terror. Desalination as a weapon of war' in the Middle East

01/04/2026 11:18 France 24

Eve Irvine is pleased to welcome Dr. Michael Christopher Low, Associate Professor of History and Director of the Middle East Center at the University of Utah. As a historian of infrastructure and environmental systems in the Middle East, his work examines how seemingly technical systems, like desalination, become deeply embedded in geopolitical strategy, including in wartime. In his forthcoming book "Saltwater Kingdoms", he argues that water infrastructure in the Gulf is not merely a tool of survival, but a central axis of political leverage and vulnerability.

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BREAKING NEWS

01/04 14:00 - UK will seek closer ties with EU in light of Iran war, Starmer says 01/04 13:49 - Macron praises Europe’s predictability in face of countries that ‘hurt you without even informing you’ – Europe live 01/04 13:47 - Middle East crisis live: Trump claims Iran’s president has asked US for a ceasefire 01/04 13:45 - Minimum wage rises to £12.71 an hour as firms warn of impact 01/04 13:44 - Russia demands France release woman arrested for suspected espionage 01/04 13:36 - Trump expected to attend supreme court arguments on landmark birthright citizenship case - US politics live 01/04 13:36 - French President Macron visits Japan to discuss the energy crisis 01/04 13:36 - French President Macron visits Japan to discuss the energy crisis 01/04 13:26 - Israel’s Message to a Broad Swath of Lebanon: Shiites Must Go 01/04 13:24 - Russia imposing ban on all gasoline exports due to Iran war 01/04 13:24 - Russia imposing ban on all gasoline exports due to Iran war 01/04 13:15 - Starmer says he will push for ‘closer partnership’ with EU after Iran war highlights global volatility – UK politics live 01/04 13:10 - Gulf nation could join fight against Iran – WSJ 01/04 13:06 - Brussels urges EU states to 'coordinate' in face of oil price hike 01/04 13:03 - Starmer holds off from emergency measures but warns storm is coming 01/04 13:02 - Iran war shows UK needs ‘ambitious’ new EU ties, Starmer says, as Trump again criticises Nato 01/04 13:02 - US Trump says will be leaving Iran 'very soon' 01/04 13:00 - Lebanon faces growing displacement crisis 01/04 13:00 - Lebanon faces growing displacement crisis 01/04 13:00 - ‘On a whole other level’: rapid snow melt-off in American west stuns scientists 01/04 12:58 - Gulf allies privately make the case to Trump to keep fighting Iran 01/04 12:57 - US jibes at Royal Navy are uncomfortable because they have substance | Jamie Grierson 01/04 12:55 - News24 | Iran insists ‘no grounds for negotiations’ on US 15-point plan to end war 01/04 12:49 - Iran Maintains Nuclear Capacities Despite Trump’s Claim of U.S. Success 01/04 12:45 - ‘Permanent scar’: Iran minister on US-Israeli attacks on monuments 01/04 12:45 - ‘Permanent scar’: Iran minister on US-Israeli attacks on monuments 01/04 12:23 - Oil price falls and markets rally after Trump says Iran war over in ‘two to three weeks’ 01/04 12:20 - News24 | Trump says other countries should 'just take' the Strait of Hormuz 01/04 12:20 - News24 | EU urges fuel conservation as Middle East war adds to Europe’s energy bill 01/04 12:03 - How are NATO allies pushing back against Trump’s Iran war demands? 01/04 12:03 - How are NATO allies pushing back against Trump’s Iran war demands? 01/04 11:57 - UK PM says war on Iran will impact Britain’s future 01/04 11:57 - UK PM says war on Iran will impact Britain’s future 01/04 11:41 - US Supreme Court to hear constitutional test of birthright citizenship 01/04 11:41 - US Supreme Court to hear constitutional test of birthright citizenship 01/04 11:38 - Housebuilder Berkeley to halt buying new land and hiring staff 01/04 11:19 - Iraq celebrates qualification for FIFA World Cup 2026 01/04 11:19 - Iraq celebrates qualification for FIFA World Cup 2026 01/04 11:18 - 'Strategy of ecological terror. Desalination as a weapon of war' in the Middle East 01/04 10:53 - Anthony Albanese to address nation on Wednesday night as treasurer announces Covid-era support measures 01/04 10:53 - UK food inflation ‘could hit 9% this year’ as Iran war drives up energy prices 01/04 10:48 - Prominent UK pro-Palestine activists guilty of breaching protest conditions 01/04 10:47 - Warning Iran war 'shock' could push up mortgages for 1.3m homeowners 01/04 10:33 - Trump says the US could end the Iran war in two to three weeks 01/04 10:30 - First Thing: Trump launches tirade against Europe for not joining Iran war 01/04 10:22 - War in the Middle East: Israeli strikes kill 7 in Lebanon 01/04 10:21 - Future of NATO uncertain – Hegseth 01/04 10:11 - Trump to Address the Nation About War Plans, and TMZ Goes After Congress 01/04 09:36 - France 'very unhelpful': Trump lashes out at allies 01/04 09:13 - Trump strongly considering pulling US out of NATO, Britain's Telegraph reports 01/04 09:02 - Our Troops Deserve More Than This 01/04 08:50 - News24 | King Charles III set for first US state visit amid Iran tensions 01/04 08:43 - Macron hails France-Japan ties after talks in Tokyo with PM Takaichi 01/04 08:24 - The price of underestimating Iran 01/04 08:16 - Anthony Albanese national address live updates: PM gives speech to Australia about war in the Middle East 01/04 08:02 - US could 'finish the job' in Iran in two or three weeks, Trump says 01/04 08:01 - ‘Uncertain times’: Albanese warns months ahead ‘may not be easy’ in rare address to nation about Middle East crisis 01/04 08:01 - Caleb McLaughlin Was Showered With Love At A Recent “Stranger Things” Convention, And It’s Warming People’s Hearts After The Past Racism He Experienced From Some Fans 01/04 07:23 - Dwindling diesel and jet fuel supplies due to Iran war prompt EU warning of shortages 01/04 07:16 - China is trying to play peacemaker in the Iran war - will it work? 01/04 07:01 - Iran war: What is happening on day 33 of US-Israel attacks? 01/04 07:01 - Iran war: What is happening on day 33 of US-Israel attacks? 01/04 06:31 - Pink "Coming Out," Viggo Mortensen's French Fry Rant, AnnaLynne McCord's Putin Poem, And 50 More Utterly Bizarre Celeb Moments That Live In My Mind Rent-Free 01/04 06:21 - As US pursues 'maximalist demands', Iran relies on four decades of asymmetric warfare 01/04 06:18 - Win or lose, I'd like Chisora to retire - Wardley 01/04 06:00 - Energy crisis: why ‘keep calm but cut down’ may be a better message for Labour 01/04 05:46 - Wednesday briefing: How did Russia become the unexpected beneficiary of the Iran war? 01/04 05:30 - News24 | ‘We’ll be leaving very soon’: Trump hints at winding down Iran war - even without a deal 01/04 05:05 - Asia ramps up use of dirty fuels to cover energy shortfall triggered by Iran war 01/04 04:44 - Emirates says Iranian nationals are not allowed to enter or transit through UAE – as it happened 01/04 04:01 - The Sailors Stranded in the Persian Gulf 01/04 03:05 - Stocks Recover Sharply Amid Hope for Iran War’s End 01/04 02:17 - Trump Seeks to Redefine ‘Regime Change’ in Iran War 01/04 02:07 - Al-Sharaa says Syria to stay out of war on Iran unless attacked 01/04 02:07 - Al-Sharaa says Syria to stay out of war on Iran unless attacked 01/04 01:52 - Middle East live: Houthis claim missile attack on Israel as Trump says Iran war to end within weeks 01/04 00:48 - The Papers: Trump tells UK 'go get your own oil' and 'King sent to US' 01/04 00:33 - Trump slams allies as Europeans show reluctance to aid U.S. in Iran war 01/04 00:14 - Trump tells allies ‘get your own oil’, says Iran war could end in 2-3 weeks 01/04 00:14 - Trump tells allies ‘get your own oil’, says Iran war could end in 2-3 weeks 01/04 00:06 - ‘Get your own oil’: Trump launches tirade against Europe for not joining Iran war 01/04 00:00 - Iran war live: ‘Missile from Iran’ hits oil tanker off Qatar’s coast 01/04 00:00 - Iran war live: ‘Missile from Iran’ hits oil tanker off Qatar’s coast 31/03 23:25 - 'You're no longer my sister' - rows erupt as war divides Iranian families 31/03 23:12 - Pope Leo urges Trump to end war on Iran 31/03 23:12 - Pope Leo urges Trump to end war on Iran 31/03 23:02 - US exempts Gulf of Mexico oil drillers from endangered species protections 31/03 23:02 - US exempts Gulf of Mexico oil drillers from endangered species protections 31/03 23:01 - Upgrade Your Wardrobe For Spring With These 27 Things Before Amazon's Big Spring Sale Ends 31/03 22:56 - EU warns oil and gas prices won’t quickly return to normal after Iran war 31/03 22:56 - EU warns oil and gas prices won’t quickly return to normal after Iran war 31/03 22:48 - Asia's migrant workers debate if Gulf jobs are worth deadly risk of Iran war 31/03 22:34 - Oil nears highest price since start of Iran war 31/03 22:25 - Forgoing Oversight of Iran War, G.O.P. Calls Hegseth to Testify on Budget 31/03 22:16 - Slava Tsukerman, Who Directed the Cult Classic ‘Liquid Sky,’ Dies at 86 31/03 22:01 - Grab These 37 Things That'll Get You Through The Season Before Amazon's Big Spring Sale Ends 31/03 21:55 - Lebanon condemns Israel’s 'clear intention' to impose new occupation of its territory 31/03 21:25 - Russian tanker reaches Cuba amid critical energy shortage 31/03 21:25 - Russian tanker reaches Cuba amid critical energy shortage 31/03 21:15 - UN aid chief warns of new Israeli occupation in southern Lebanon